使い方：書く前に自分の級の「型」を見て、書いたあとに「よくある誤り」で見直そう。下の検索欄に単語（例：Because、the、Eメール）を入れると、その項目だけが出ます。
級と形式（語数の目安）
| 級 | ライティングの形式 |
|---|---|
| 英検3級 | Eメール（15〜25語） 意見（エッセイ）（25〜35語） |
| 英検準2級 | Eメール（40〜50語） 意見（エッセイ）（50〜60語） |
| 英検2級 | 要約（45〜55語） 意見（エッセイ）（80〜100語） |
| 英検準1級 | 要約（60〜70語） 意見（エッセイ）（120〜150語） |
形式ごとの型
3級 Eメール（15〜25語）
- 外国人の友達からのEメールの「質問2つ」に、両方とも答える。答え漏れは内容の大きな減点。
- 書き出しの Hi, ○○! と結びの Best wishes, ○○ は語数に入れない（問題に書かれている）。
- 短くても主語＋動詞のある完全な文で答える。
3級 意見（25〜35語）
- 型：I think (that) ～. / I have two reasons. First, ～. Second, ～.
- 理由は2つ。2つの理由は違う切り口にする（お金・時間・人間関係・健康）。
準2級 Eメール（40〜50語）
- 型：[That sounds fun! / I am glad that ...] I think that [意見] because [簡潔な理由]. By the way, I have two questions about [下線部]. [質問1]? [質問2]? [Please write back soon.]
- 相手の質問に答える＋下線部について「正確に2つ」質問する。
- 質問の型：頻度・期間 How often do you ～? / When did you ～? ／同伴者 Who did you ～ with? ／種類 What kind of ～ do you like? ／感想 How was it? / Was it ～?
- First, / Second, は使わない（論文の型になる）。This is because や By the way を使う。
- 相手がメールにもう書いていること（行った場所、楽しかった等）を質問しない。
- 下線部以外のことを質問しない。
準2級 意見（50〜60語）・2級 意見（80〜100語）
- 4ブロック：導入（主張）→ 理由1（主張＋補足1文）→ 理由2（主張＋補足1文）→ 結論（再主張）
- 導入：I agree / do not agree that [問題文の主張]. I have two reasons to support my opinion.
- 理由1：First, [主張]. [This is because / For example, 補足1文].
- 理由2：Second, [主張]. [This is because / For example, 補足1文].
- 結論：For these reasons, I believe that [主張の言い換え / The number of people who ... will increase].
- 2つの理由は必ず違う切り口（お金・時間・人間関係・健康。2級・準1級の社会問題では「環境」も使える）。
- 結論で導入や問題文を丸写ししない（オウム返し禁止）。I believe that ... や the number of people who ... で言い換える。
- 短縮形（don't, can't）や文頭の So, / Because, / But, は使わない。
- 2級：POINTS を使う場合は、1つ理由を選んだら、横ブレせず、そのテーマだけを一直線に深掘りする。
2級 要約（45〜55語）・準1級 要約（60〜70語）
- 3段落の要素を1つの文章に。よくある組み立て：第1段落（テーマ・背景）＋第2段落（メリット/原因）＋第3段落（デメリット/課題）。段落の中身は問題ごとに確かめる。
- 型：Nowadays, [背景・テーマ]. While [メリット1・2], there are some challenges. [デメリット1], and [デメリット2].
- テーマ（主役）を第1文で宣言する。
- First, / Second, / I think / There are reasons / For example などの前置き・飾りは削る。
- 本文にない自分の意見・推測・感想を1文でも足すと、内容の点が大きく下がる。
- 具体例はグループ名にまとめる（smartphones or computers → digital devices / vegetables or meat → fresh food）。
- 接続詞で要素を1文に合体・圧縮する。
準1級 意見（120〜150語）
- 4パラグラフ：Introduction → Body 1 → Body 2 → Conclusion
- 導入：I agree with the idea that [TOPIC]. There are two main reasons for this.
- Body 1：First, [社会的な主張]. [具体例・因果 As a result, / Consequently, ...].
- Body 2：Second, [違う角度の社会的な主張]. [In contrast, / Furthermore, ...].
- 結論：In conclusion, I believe that [TOPIC] because it [理由1・2の要約]. Therefore, I strongly support this trend.
- 「私（I）」の封印：個人的体験・日記のようなエピソードは書かず、主語を people, consumers, residents, society などの一般名詞・複数形にする。
- アカデミックな語：So → Therefore / As a result、But → However、Also → In addition / Furthermore。
よくある誤り（基本）
文法
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | be動詞と一般動詞の衝突 | Students is get money. / They are support local economy. → Students can get money. / They support the local economy. | 1つの節に be動詞と一般動詞の原形は並べられない（I am play tennis と言わないのと同じ）。 |
| G2 | have to の否定 | They have not to use money. → They do not have to spend money. | have to の否定は do not have to。 |
| G3 | 動詞をそのまま主語に | Watch more movies are very cheap. / Going the movie theater is sounds good. → Watching more movies is very cheap. / Going to the movie theater sounds good. | 主語は -ing（動名詞）にして単数で受ける。 |
| G4 | 裸の名詞・数の一致 | I have two question. / Bicycle is not need money. → I have two questions. / Riding a bicycle does not cost any money. | 数えられる名詞は a/an か複数形の s。数詞の後は複数形。 |
| G5 | 前置詞＋動詞の原形 | by not pick up clothes / about maintain the machine → by not picking up clothes / about maintaining the machine | 前置詞の後の動詞は -ing。 |
| G6 | 三単現の s | This trend allow employees to save time. / Government get many tax. → This trend allows employees to save time. / The local government gets a lot of tax revenue. | |
| G7 | 前置詞＋節 | I don't agree with schools are replacing textbooks. → I do not agree that schools are replacing textbooks. | 前置詞の直後に主語＋動詞は置けない。that を使う。 |
| G8 | It is 形容詞 for A to do | It is easy for my house to watch movies. → It is easy for us to watch movies at home. | for A は to do をする人。 |
| G9 | 進行形の be動詞抜け | Some stores introducing self-checkout machines. → Some stores are introducing self-checkout machines. | |
| G10 | 他動詞の目的語抜け | Elderly people find it difficult to operate. / Playing instruments can refresh. → ... difficult to operate them. / Playing instruments is refreshing. | |
| G11 | 助動詞の重複 | I may be can teach how to play the song. → Maybe I can teach you how to play the song. | |
| G12 | 文の断片（主語・動詞が無い文） | For example, building new roads or fixing old ones. → For example, they can build new roads or fix old ones. | 重大なエラー。 |
語法
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| W1 | 費用に expensive | pay expensive cost / delivery fee is expensive → the cost is high / the delivery fee is high | expensive は品物。cost, fee, price は high / low。 |
| W2 | お金の言い方 | use money on train / decrease to pay moneys → spend money on trains / save money | money は数えない。 |
| W3 | pick up と choose | pick up clothes in the morning → choose clothes in the morning | |
| W4 | ～から学ぶ | learn by famous musicians / learn with internet → learn from famous musicians / learn on the internet | |
| W5 | classical music | classic music → classical music | 音楽のジャンルは classical。classic は「名作の・定番の」。 |
| W6 | 影響の前置詞 | have big influence for local economy / give a good effect → have a big influence on the local economy / have a good effect on ... | |
| W7 | abroad は副詞 | information of abroad → information about foreign countries / about studying abroad | |
| W8 | early と fast | Bicycles are easy and early. → Bicycles are fast and convenient. | |
| W9 | go to home | go to home / go to anywhere → go home / go anywhere | home, there, anywhere は「～へ」をふくむ副詞なので to はいらない。 |
| W10 | 契約を止める | stop a credit card → cancel a credit card |
構成
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | 文頭の Because / So / But / And | I like soccer. Because it is fun. / So, I agree. → This is because it is fun. / Therefore, I agree. | Because・So は文と文をつなぐ言葉なので、文の頭に1つだけ置くと不自然になる。 |
| S2 | Eメールで First, / Second, | First, what did you ... Second, ... → By the way, I have two questions. What ...? | |
| S3 | 要約での前置き文 | There are some good reasons. First, ... For example, ... → They help solve worker shortages and save time. However, ... | |
| S4 | 序論・結論のオウム返し | Therefore, I think that more people will stop using cash in the future.（序論と同じ文）→ For these reasons, I believe that the number of people who stop using cash will increase. | |
| S5 | 理由の後の「だから何？」が無い | 理由を1文で書きっぱなしにしない。結果・具体例を1文足す。 |
内容
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| C1 | 理由の切り口が重複 | First, they do not have to use money. Second, they can save money. → First, they can save money because train tickets are not needed. Second, riding a bicycle is good for their health. | ちがう2つの切り口が必要。 |
| C2 | 要約に自分の意見・推測を足す（必ず避ける） | So, they can't often use it. → In addition, delivery fees make the total cost higher. | |
| C3 | 主張と理由の矛盾 | 家で映画を見る人が増える ＋ 理由「映画館の音響を楽しめる」→ This is because watching movies on smartphones or home theater systems is very convenient. | |
| C4 | Eメールで相手が書いたことを質問 | （相手のメール：I went to the movie theater with my family yesterday.）Where did you watch the movie? / How was it? → What movie did you watch? / Was it interesting? | 相手がもう書いたこと（行った場所・楽しかったこと）を聞くと、メールを読んでいないと判断される。 |
| C5 | Eメールで下線部以外を質問 | 下線部 my favorite song に When did you buy the guitar? → What is the title of your favorite song? / Who is the singer? | |
| C6 | 結論で一般論から「私」へずれる | For these reasons, I thought I need a part-time job. → For these reasons, I think it is a good idea for high school students to have a part-time job. | |
| C7 | 課題の条件が足りない | 理由が2つない、質問が2つない、相手の質問に答えていない、語数が大きく外れている。 |
表現
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | 短縮形 | I don't think / can't → I do not think / cannot | |
| E2 | People are increasing | Many people using online delivery services are increasing. → The number of people using online delivery services is increasing. | |
| E3 | 準1級で「私」の体験 | I went to Mt. Takao to reduce my stress. → Visiting places rich in nature, such as Mt. Takao, is an effective way to reduce stress levels. | |
| E4 | had better | People had better to work at younger. → People should work when they are young. | had better は強い警告。一般論は should。 |
| E5 | 同じ語のくり返し | stop using cash を何度も使う → go cashless / move away from cash、または they / it / this | 同じ言葉のくり返しは語彙の点が下がる。2回目からは言いかえる。 |
スペル・記号
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| M1 | 記号の後のスペース | First,many students / office.Also,workers → First, many students / office. Also, workers | |
| M2 | 文中の不要な大文字 | First, They ... → First, they ... | |
| M3 | スペルミス | pinion→opinion, deta→data, disital→digital, lossing→losing, meet→meat, maintein→maintain | 問題文にある単語は正確に写す。 |
よくある誤り（準2級・2級・準1級でとくに多いもの）
準2級（Eメール・エッセイ）
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| J1 | Eメール冒頭のリアクションが無い | I think that more people... → That sounds fun! I think that more people... | |
| J2 | Eメールに質問2つが全く無い | → By the way, I have two questions. What ...? | 必ず入れる条件。無いと内容の点が大きく下がる。 |
| J3 | 面接の言い方・硬い宣言 | Yes I do. / My opinion about this question is ... → I do not think that people will ... / I do not think so. | |
| J4 | 質問の切り出しに Then, / Please answer these questions. | → By the way, I have two questions. | Then は順序、Please answer は命令的。 |
| J5 | 相手の過去の出来事を現在形で質問 | What kind of movie is it? / What do you cook for your family? → What kind of movie did you watch? / What did you cook for your family? | |
| J6 | What kind of の後に動詞 | what kind of cooked for your family? → What kind of food did you cook for your family? | |
| J7 | What＋名詞の語順 | What did you watch the movie? → What movie did you watch? | |
| J8 | how to go / How long time | how to go there with your family? / How long time this movie? → How did you go there with your family? / How long was the movie? | |
| J9 | How many times（回数）と How long（時間） | how many times are taken there? → How long did it take? | |
| J10 | it と its | What is it title? → What is its title? | |
| J11 | 自分が聞くのに Can you ask | Can you ask two questions. → I have two questions. / Can I ask you two questions? | Can you ask だと「あなたが質問して」の意味になる。 |
| J12 | インターネットは on | learn with internet / uploaded in internet → learn on the internet / uploaded on the internet | |
| J13 | 場所の前の at 抜け | watch the movie theater / buy meals convenience stores → watch at the movie theater / buy meals at convenience stores | |
| J14 | and の前後は同じ品詞 | cool and beauty → cool and beautiful | |
| J15 | ? や . の前に空白を入れない | How was it ? → How was it? | |
| J16 | Eメールの結びが無い | Please tell me. → Please tell me about it soon. / I am looking forward to hearing from you. | |
| J17 | It is 形容詞 to の to 抜け | it is cheap cook meals → it is cheap to cook meals | |
| J18 | 主語と所有格の人称のズレ | They can ... our clothes. → They can ... their clothes. | |
| J19 | 文頭の Therefore / Also の後のコンマ | Therefore I think → Therefore, I think | |
| J20 | 比較級を very で強める | very easier → much easier | |
| J21 | than の後の動詞原形 | than go to movie theater → than going to a movie theater | |
| J22 | than の左右の形をそろえる | cook at home is more healthy than buy food → cooking at home is healthier than buying food | |
| J23 | interested と interesting | That movie is interested? → Was that movie interesting? | |
| J24 | 人がする動作の主語を物にする | bicycle is not need money / going to work often use train → Riding a bicycle does not cost any money. / People often use trains to go to work. | お金を払う・電車を使うのは「人」。 |
| J25 | 物を主語に能動態 | electronic books is buying easily. / It can use instead of paper textbooks → We can buy electronic books easily. / They can be used instead of paper textbooks | |
| J26 | 職場に work | many school and work prohibit → many schools and companies prohibit | |
| J27 | 費用の動詞 | save a lot of cost → reduce costs / save a lot of money | |
| J28 | so の後に主語が無い | so reduce the weight → so students can reduce the weight | |
| J29 | 名詞を出す前に they | I think that they will read electronic books → I think that more people will read electronic books | |
| J30 | 因果の逆転（That is why のねじれ） | we can save money. That is why we don't have to buy paper. → ... For example, we do not need to buy paper. | |
| J31 | 会話的な too / Besides | ... too. Besides, → ... Also, | |
| J32 | 今の習慣を過去形で | many students already used bicycles → many students already use bicycles | |
| J33 | 大げさな理由 | a lot of money to live → a lot of money to buy things they want | |
| J34 | 理由の二重の前置き | That's because I have two reasons. / I have a reason. This is because ... → I have two reasons. / This is because ... | |
| J35 | learn about society / for the future | learn in society / good experience in the future → learn about society / good experience for the future | |
| J36 | 導入と結論で think をくり返す | I think that ... Therefore, I think that ... → ... Therefore, I believe that ... | |
| J37 | 名詞を3つ以上並べるときのコンマ | convenience stores supermarkets and so on → convenience stores, supermarkets, and so on | |
| J38 | think の後の that（試験では書く） | I don't think more people → I do not think that more people |
2級・準1級（エッセイ・要約）
| 番号 | 項目 | まちがい → 直した例 | 理由 |
|---|---|---|---|
| K1 | 最上級の the | high salary is not most important thing → a high salary is not the most important thing | |
| K2 | be composed of | Our life compose of ... → Our lives are composed of ... | |
| K3 | 名詞の前は形容詞 | not efficiently option → not an efficient option | |
| K4 | This is と複数名詞 | This is big benefits → This is a big benefit | |
| K5 | people's | harm to people health → harm to people's health | |
| K6 | spend time on と take time | take too much time for job → spend too much time on work | |
| K7 | look A as B は× | I don't look high salary as ... → I do not consider (see) a high salary as ... | |
| K8 | 家計に domestic finance は× | → household budgets / personal finances | |
| K9 | 空き家は vacant houses | vacant room → vacant houses | |
| K10 | According to reports | According to a report, ... → According to reports, ... | 出どころを示さない a report は、1つの報告だけを根拠にしているように見える。一般論は複数形に。 |
| K11 | First, Generally, の重ね | → First, the cost of living in rural areas ... | |
| K12 | 論文で and so on は× | house cost, food prices and so on → such as housing costs and food prices | |
| K13 | become relaxed | become relax → become relaxed | become の後は形容詞（relaxed）。 |
| K14 | Reason of that is below. / my suggestion | → I have two reasons for this. / my opinion | |
| K15 | エッセイを No, で始める | No, I think ... → I do not think that ... | |
| K16 | 日本語の直訳の名詞 | dislike man such as to late time → uncooperative people, such as those who are often late | |
| K17 | 2級：選んだPOINTから横ブレ | cost の理由に試験の努力の話を混ぜる → It is very expensive to study abroad. Students need to pay for flight tickets and living costs. | |
| K18 | 同じ意味の動詞を重ねる | easy to bring and carry → easy to carry | |
| K19 | allow＋人＋to do | allow to work from home → allow employees to work from home | |
| K20 | which の後の動詞抜け | which learning more effective → which makes learning more effective | |
| K21 | 比べるものの数をそろえる | electronic books is more convenient to carry than a paper book → electronic books are easier to carry than printed books | |
| K22 | For example の後が名詞の並びだけ | For example, Kinkakuji, Kiyomizu temple and so on. → For example, there are famous places like Kinkakuji and Kiyomizu Temple. | |
| K23 | good culture は簡単すぎる表現 | famous tourist sites are good culture → They are an important part of Japanese culture. | 具体的な言い方にすると語彙の点が上がる。 |
| K24 | cash に all | all cash can be used → cash can be used | |
| K25 | 紙の現金に work | does not need electric power to work → does not need electricity | |
| K26 | 日本語の直訳（AIの管理） | what is AI's correct management → how to use AI correctly | management は「経営・管理」の意味になる。 |
| K27 | demerit | The benefits outweigh the demerits. → The benefits outweigh the drawbacks / disadvantages. | demerit は「減点・落ち度」の意味が強い。 |
| K28 | 論理のループ | countries stop using cash, so more countries will stop → many countries have already moved away from cash, and other nations will likely follow their lead. | |
| K29 | 要約：事実を「興味がある」にずらす | many people are interested in using ... → many people use ... | |
| K30 | 要約：see と check | customers can't see products directly → customers cannot check products directly | |
| K31 | 要約：テーマの語が抜ける | online delivery services → online grocery delivery services | |
| K32 | 要約：通勤しなくてよい | quit commuting / stop commuting → do not have to commute / save commuting time | quit・stop は「やめる・退職する」の意味が強い。 |
| K33 | 要約：別々の課題を勝手に因果でつなぐ | If they join short internships, they find it difficult to do well in their studies. → Short programs make it hard to understand the work, and participating in internships makes it difficult to do well in their studies. | |
| K34 | 前の文全体を受けるのは This | It is because many people are so busy → This is because many people are so busy |
先生がすすめる言い回しと語数の調整
- 準2級 Eメール：クッション言葉 By the way, I have two questions about [下線部]. / Please tell me more about [下線部].（構成点と語数）。質問の型に What did you enjoy the most? も（相手がまだ感想を書いていないときだけ）。Who did you ～ with? の with を忘れない。
- 準2級 万能動詞 make：make friends (with ～) / make good memories / make an effort / make＋人＋形容詞（Listening to music makes them happy.）
- 準2級 定番の理由：learn how to communicate with other people / be useful for their future / relieve stress, reduce stress / save time and money
- 準1級：4段落を改行で分ける。Body は3段コンボ「主張 → 具体例（For example / For instance）→ 結果（As a result / Consequently / Therefore）」。
- 準1級の導入：I have two reasons. より There are several reasons why this transition would be highly beneficial. / I agree with this idea for the following reasons.
- 準1級の語彙の格上げ：rural areas → the countryside / local regions、good for → beneficial for / contributes to、reduce stress → alleviate stress / relieve financial burdens、improve life → improve overall quality of life、dirty → polluted、cheap → affordable、many people / we → consumers / residents / individuals / society
- 要約の言い換え：グループ名化／主語・態の転換（Online services help them save time.）／自信のない難しい語は基本語に（purchase → buy）。While [メリット], [デメリット]. で1文に。
- 語数が足りないとき：very / a lot of を足す、文末に every day / at home / online、I think that と that を書く、結論を For these reasons, I agree with this idea.（8語）や For the two reasons mentioned above, I believe that ...（9語）に、理由の後に結果の1文、This means that ... で言い換えを1文。
- 語数が多いとき：Eメールでは I have two reasons. を消して This is because でつなぐ、要約の前置き文を削る、重なる名詞を it / them / this に、結論を短い形にする。
ビジョナリーの生徒に多いミス トップ10
- 多い順：G4 裸の名詞・数の一致（32）＞ M3 スペルミス（14）＞ M1 記号の後のスペース（13）＞ E1 短縮形（12）＞ E5 同じ語のくり返し・S1 文頭の Because/So（各11）＞ G1 be動詞と一般動詞の衝突・S4 オウム返し（各10）＞ S2 EメールでFirst/Second（8）＞ G5 前置詞＋動詞の原形（7）
採点の観点（各0〜4点・英検の観点に沿った塾の目安）
- 意見・要約：内容・構成・語彙・文法の4観点、各0〜4点（2級以上の4観点は英検の公式サイトに記載）。
- Eメール：内容・語彙・文法の3観点。準2級は各0〜4点、3級は各0〜3点（解説サイトによる。公式では未確認）。
- 内容：課題の条件（理由の数・質問2つ・要約のポイント）を満たすか／主張と理由に矛盾がないか／理由の切り口が重ならないか／要約に自分の意見を足していないか
- 構成：型どおりか／理由から結論への橋渡しがあるか／つなぎ言葉の使い方
- 語彙：級に合った語彙／オウム返しを避け言い換えているか／自然な結びつき（コロケーション）
- 文法：文の骨組み（動詞の欠落・衝突）／数の一致（主語と動詞・単複・冠詞）／時制・品詞／スペース・大文字・句読点
- 目安：4＝ほぼ満点、3＝小さなミスのみ、2＝目立つミスがあるが伝わる、1＝伝わりにくい、0＝書けていない・条件を満たさない
当てはまる項目がありません。